您當前的位置:檢測資訊 > 科研開發
嘉峪檢測網 2021-04-27 19:19
仿制藥發展階段
01、口服固體制劑發展中的化學特性,生產和控制
Drug Packaging Insert Study to obtain basic information about RLD, such as
通過對對照藥物的包材以內成分的分析,獲取有關該對照藥物的基本信息
① Components in the formulation 處方成份
② BE information 生物等效性信息
③ Etc. 其它
02、口服固體制劑發展中的化學特性,生產和控制
ReverseEngineeringincSludtuingdeyva, luation of three different lots of RLD for:
根據前述研究采用倒推法研究制劑工藝,包括對叁批不同批次對照藥物的評估
① Potency/purity 效價 /純度
② Impurity profile (related substances)
③ 雜質分布曲線圖(相關物質)
④ Content uniformity 含量均勻度
⑤ Weight variation 重量差異
⑥ Dissolution profile 溶出曲線
⑦ Disintegration time 崩解時間
⑧ Hardness and Friability 硬度和脆碎度
滿足法規要求的CGMP規范
System based CGMP auditing on manufacturing facility:
① Quality System
② Materials System
③ Facilities and Equipment System
④ Production System
⑤ Packaging and Labeling System
⑥ Laboratory Control System
對生產設施進行基于系統的 CGMP 審計
① 質量系統
② 物料系統
③ 設施設備系統
④ 生產系統
⑤ 包裝和標簽系統
⑥ 實驗室控制系統
03、口服固體制劑發展中的化學特性,生產和控制
Pre-formulation Studies
處方前研究
① Analytical method development 分析方法發展
(Develop adequate analytical methods for API)
針對原料藥發展合適的分析方法
② Acquiring API and related impurity reference standards (USP or other sources) 獲得原料藥和相關雜質參考標準(美國藥典或其他來源)
③API characterization and qualification, including chemical and physical properties studies, such as solubility, density, particle size distribution, polymorphism (any attributes
relevant to the formulation)
原料藥的特性和認證,包括理化特征研究,如:溶出度,密度,顆粒粒徑分布,多態現象(任何與處方相關的屬性)
④ Excipients specifications (acceptance criteria and testing methods to meet USP/NF standards), and excipients characterization and qualification, including compatibility studies with API.
輔料的技術規范(符合USP和NF標準的可接受標準和測試方法)輔料特性認證,包括與原料藥的相容性研究
滿足法規要求的CGMP規范
① Qualification of API and excipients suppliers, including auditing and full testing on three different lots
原料藥和輔料供應商的資格認證,包括審計和對三種不同批次進行的全面測試
② Establish acceptance criteria for API and excipients and corresponding analytical methods
建立可接受的原料藥及輔料標準和相應的分析方法
③ Validation or verification of these
analytical methods
這些分析方法的驗證和確認
④ Preparation of pre-formulation study report or summary from CGMP perspective
從現行 GMP 的角度,準備處方前研究報告或概括總結
04、口服固體制劑發展中的化學特性,生產和控制
3 Formulation Development
處方開發
① Formulation selection (components and composition) based on RLD formulation and
in-house study. 處方篩選(組成成份)以對照藥物配方和室內研究為基礎)
② Define initial process (platform) for
preparation of prototype generic drug product (DP), 闡述制備仿制藥的原型產品( DP )的初始過程(平臺)
③ Define the initial specifications for DP, including logo and number artwork preparation on the surface of the drug product.
闡述藥品的初始規范,包括藥品表面上的標識,數字或圖形的安排。
④ Produce one (or more) small research and development DP batch and test the product according to finished product specifications, including the evaluation of DP impurity profile and perform dissolution profile study
compared with the RLD product.
生產一小批經研究開發的藥品,并根據制成品規范對其進行測試,這包括藥品雜質分布評估,和對照藥物進行比對,進行溶出曲線研究
⑤ Place the DP on accelerated stability study (up to 3 months) to evaluate the stability of the formulation developed.
對藥品進行加速穩定性實驗(最多 3 個月)來評估所研制配方的穩定性。
⑥ Analytical method validation or verification,
including forced degradation studies on DP to demonstrate that the analytical method used
is stability-indicating
分析方法驗證和確認,包括通過藥品的強制降解研究,來表明所使用的分析方法能指示穩定性。
⑦ Selection of container closure system (CCS), including component resin, specification, test methods, supplier ’s DMF.
容器密封系統(CCS)的挑選,包括樹脂組份,規范,測試方法,供應商的DMF號等
滿足法規要求的CGMP規范
1)Properly document study results and preparation of DP formulation development report or summary to support the formulation for further development.
正確記錄研究結果并寫下關于藥品制劑開發制備的報告或總結,以便支持對配方更進一步的開發。
2) Preparation of proper analytical method validation or verification protocol and final reports
準備正確的分析方法驗證方案和最終報告
3) Vendor qualification, including full testing on the first three lots of CCS.
供應商資格認證,包括容器密封系統前三批次的測試
Note:
CCS which has been used in FDA approved drugs is highly recommended
注意:強烈推薦在 FDA 審批過程中應用 CCS 即包裝容器及密封管理系統。
05、口服固體制劑發展中的化學特性,生產和控制
Process Understanding, characterization and
Optimization (Scale-up)
工藝理解,特性及優化( 放大 )
1) Identification of the critical parameter(s) in each unit operation and implement in-process
control ranges , such as
核對每個單元操作的關鍵參數,落實過程控制范圍,例如
① Blend content uniformity (BCU) issue (Is the blending time critical? What is the sampling plan and sampling method to monitor BCU? What are the analytical method and acceptance criteria for BCU? Etc.
② 有關混合含量的均勻度的問題(混合時間是否
關鍵?監督混合含量均勻度的采樣計劃和采樣方法是什么?混合含量均勻度的分析方法和可接受標準是什么?等等)
③ LOD in dry process (time, temperature, etc.)
干法工藝的最低檢測限(時間,溫度,等)
④ Weight variation control in tablet compression
壓片的重量差異控制
⑤ Etc. 等
2) Several development batches in varies batch sizes may be produced for research and development purpose. Adequate experimental data should be collected to support any critical parameters identified and in-process control ranges used in scale-up process.
可以生產一些不同產量規模的產品來 用于研發。為支持任何經確認的關鍵參數和在線控制范圍, 需要搜集足夠的實驗數據。
① The final DP specifications should be established.
需建立藥品技術規范。
滿足法規要求的CGMP規范
1)Document justification on critical parameter identification and their in-process control ranges,
確定關鍵參數及其在線控制范圍的確認的證明文件
2)Preparation of product and process development report or summary to support the critical parameters identified and their in-process control ranges used for pilot batch and commercial batch manufacture..
制備產品和工藝研發報告或總結,用于支持在中試和商業化生產規模中的生產中的關鍵參數及其控制范圍的確定
06、口服固體制劑發展中的化學特性,生產和控制
1) Engineering or Demonstration Batch Manufacture
工程批或驗證批的生產
① Preparation of batch record (BR) for Engineering or demonstration batch manufacture
工程或驗證批次生產的批記錄準備
② Reviewing drafted BR and ensuring the critical parameter(s) are adequately identified and the in- process control ranges are properly implemented.
審查起草的批記錄并且確保正確執行了經過驗證的關鍵參數及其在線控制范圍。
③ A comprehensive sampling plan should be
considered to collect more data at this scale.
在此規模下,需要考慮制定一個綜合采樣計劃來收集更
多的數據。
④ The batch size should be at least 100,000 tablets or 10% of proposed commercial batch size.
必須批量生產的片劑至少為 100,000 片或者為市售批量的百分之十。
⑤ It is highly recommended that engineering or demonstration batch be produced by using commercial manufacturing equipment.
強烈建議使用將來會用到的商業化規模的生產設備來生產工程或驗證批的產品。
⑥ The final DP release tests should meet
established specifications.
最終的藥物發放檢測需要符合已建立的技術規范。
This engineering or demonstration batch manufacture could be optional depending upon the research and development study performed and related manufacturing experience a firm has.
工程或驗證批的生產是可選擇的,可以根據所進行的研發
研究和公司的相關生產經驗來決定。
滿足法規要求的CGMP規范
1) Validation Master Plan (VMP) for the specified product should be prepared at this stage. It should be served as a “ road map ”
to start qualification and validation works related to the product.
特定產品的驗證主計劃必須在這個階段準備。它將被用做開始進行與產品相關認證和驗證工作的路線 圖。
2) Following work should be completed according VMP before demonstration batch or pilot batch preparation:
以下工作必須在驗證批或中試批生產前,根據驗證主計劃來完成
① Qualification of related facilities and systems (such as, HVAC, waster system, etc)
相關設備和系統(如:空調系統,水系統的驗證)
② Qualification ( DQ, IQ, OQ and PQ) of the equipment used in manufacturing of the DP
在生產中需要用到的設備的驗證(設計確認、安裝確 認、運行確認和性能確認)
③ Preparation of equipment cleaning validation protocol
設備清潔驗證方案的準備
④ Analytical methods validation or verification
分析方法的驗證
07、口服固體制劑發展中的化學特性,生產和控制
1) BE Pilot Study to gain information on bio-
equivalent of in-house product 生物等效性的中試規模研究,以獲取內部使用產品的生物等效信息
① Using the samples from engineering or
demonstration batch 使用工程或驗證批的樣品
② 3 –5 persons compared with RLD
3 至 5 個人 的生物等效性數據和對照藥物的數據的對比
This is also an option
這也是可選項
08、口服固體制劑發展中的化學特性,生產和控制
Bio-batch or Submission Batch Preparation
生物批或申報批的準備
1) Manufacturing a bio-batch or submission
batch under CGMP controls 按照 CGMP 規范生產生物批或申報批
① Executed batch record should include yield in each unit operation, final DP units manufactured and packaged, as well as batch reconciliation data and draft label.
② 所執行的批記錄應當包括每個單元操作的收 益,最終藥品單元的生產和包裝,批流程數據和標簽草案等信息
2) Bio-batch release testing and issue COA
生物批的發放檢測和成品出廠合格證書的發行
① Dissolution profile (12 units and 5 time
points) compared with RLD batch. 溶出曲線和對照藥物進行對比(12個單元和5個治療點)
② Tested according established specification
根據已建立的規范進行檢測
3) Establish stability protocol
建立穩定性方案
① Testing time points (0,1,2,3M for accelerated
and 0,3.6.9.12.18.24 for long-term conditions) 測試時間點( 0,1,2,3月為加速測試 0,3.6.9.12.18.24 為長期條件下的穩定性測試)
② Intermediate condition if necessary
如果需要, 也需進行中間條件測試
③ Stability test attributes (Appearance, purity,
related substances, dissolution, etc.)
穩定性測試屬性(外觀,純度,相關物質,溶解,等等)
4) Perform DP stability study as appropriate (at least 3 months under accelerated condition) for submission purpose
為達到提交的目的,需要執行 合適的藥品穩定性測(至少在加速條件下進行 3個月)
滿足法規要求的CGMP規范
Preparation of final DP development report (or combination of pre- formulation, formulation and process development summaries)
最終藥品開發報告的準備(或處方前研究,處方研究和工藝開發總結的綜合。)
Note:
This report will be served as the basis for preparation of Quality Overall Summary (QOS, 2.3 in CTD-format) and Pharmaceutical Development Section (3.2.P.2 in CTD-format) in ANDA submission
備注:
該報告是 ANDA 申報中藥物研發部分和質量概述部分所需要的基本組成部分。
09、口服固體制劑發展中的化學特性,生產和控制
1) BE Study 生物等效性研究
① Using bio-batch or submission batch samples to compare with RLD
使用生物批或申報批樣本同對照藥物作比較
② 24 to36 patients, cross over studies.
24 至 36 個病人,交叉研究
滿足法規要求的CGMP規范
1) BE study should be conducted in a clinical laboratory which is in compliance with FDA GLP requirements.
生物等效性研究必須在臨床實驗室里實行,這與 FDA 的GLP 要求相一致
10、口服固體制劑發展中的化學特性,生產和控制
1) Preparation of ANDA package for submission ANDA 申請提交文件的準備
① CTD-format should be used for preparation of an ANDA
以 CTD 格式來準備 ANDA 申請
11、口服固體制劑發展中的化學特性,生產和控制
Preparation for Pre-approval Inspection (PAI)
迎接批準前檢查的準備工作
滿足法規要求的CGMP規范
1) Preparation PAI from CGMP perspective by evaluating GMP systems on site.
通過在現場對 GMP 系統的評價,從 CGMP 規范的角度完成批準前檢查的準備工作。
2) Preparation of process validation (PV) protocol, and may start or complete process validation by producing three consecutive conforming batches at commercial scale) and preparation validation report
工藝驗證方案的準備,通過按照商業生產規模進行的連續三批驗證批的生產來開始或完成工藝驗證,并準備驗證報告。
Note:
PV is not required to be completed for ANDA approval. However, validation protocol should be in place at the time of pre-approval inspection (PAI)
備注:并不需要在 ANDA 批準前完成工藝驗證。但驗證方案必須在批準前檢查時已經完成。
來源:Internet